延长和提高燃气热风炉和燃煤热风炉的使用寿命,是每一个购买热风炉的心愿,那么该如何提高燃煤热风炉和燃气热风炉的使用寿命呢?在热风炉长期停用时,应十分注意炉体外部的防腐保养问题。首先在热风炉停炉冷却后,必须彻底清除受热面的积灰和炉排上部、炉体下问的灰渣。然后要保持烟道有一定有自然通风。一般情况下,为了防潮应在炉膛、烟道中放置干燥剂。如以生石灰作为干燥剂,则每立方米炉膛或烟道内一般应放置3kg左右。放置后应严密关闭所有的通风门。生石灰变粉后要更换。如热风炉房位置低洼,停炉期间地面泛潮严重时,则应受用经常小火烘烤和放置干燥剂相结合的办法。如果热风炉停炉时间很长,在彻底清除烟灰的在炉体金属外表面涂以红丹油或其它防腐漆。至于炉体内看停炉时间的长短来定。一般情况下,停炉不超过一个月的可用湿法保养,一个月以上的应采取干法保养。
Prolonging and improving the service life of gas hot blast stove and coal fired hot blast stove is the wish of every hot blast stove. How should we improve the service life of the hot blast stove and the gas hot blast stove, and should pay much attention to the external corrosion protection and maintenance of the furnace body when the hot blast stove is disused for a long time. First, after the cooling of the hot blast stove is stopped, the ash accumulated on the heating surface and the slag on the top of the grate and under the furnace body must be thoroughly removed. Then there must be some natural ventilation to keep the flue. Generally, in order to prevent moisture, desiccant should be placed in the furnace and flue. If lime is used as a desiccant, it should generally be about 3kg per cubic meter of furnace or flue. All ventilation doors should be closed closely after placement. The lime should be changed after powdered. For example, if the location of the hot blast stove is low, and when the ground is seriously wet, the method should be combined with baking and placing desiccant. If the hot blast stove is stopped for a long time, red ash oil or other anticorrosive paint should be painted on the outer surface of the furnace body. As for the length of the time in the furnace, it is determined to stop the time. Under normal circumstances, the boiler can not be used for more than a month and can be maintained by wet method. Dry maintenance should be taken for more than one month. 一、压力保养热风炉(适用于生产备用热风炉或停运进行短暂检修时间不超过一周的热风炉)
(1)停炉后把炉水全部放尽,将炉内的水垢、水渣清理干净,重新加入合格软化水。
(2)定期用小火加热,或定期利用相邻热风炉的蒸汽加热炉水,使热风炉内的炉水温度夏季应保持在环境温度+10℃左右,冬季应保证炉水不冻结 ,关闭所有放空阀、排污阀和放水阀,防止漏水。
(3)热风炉定期给水,保持热风炉内压力为0.05 MPa ~0.1MPa防止空气进入锅筒。
1. Pressure maintenance (suitable for producing hot air stoves or hot air stoves for a short period of no more than one week's outage).
(1) after the furnace is stopped, all the boiler water is exhausted. Clean up the scale and slag in the furnace and rejoin the qualified softened water.
(2) heat the heat of small fire regularly, or use the steam of the adjacent hot blast stove to heat the furnace regularly, so that the temperature of the water in the hot blast furnace should be kept at the ambient temperature of +10 C in summer. In winter, the water should not be frozen and all the vent valves, blowdown valves and discharge valves should be closed to prevent the leakage of water.
(3) the hot water stove regularly supplies water, keeping the pressure in the hot stove is 0.05 MPa ~0.1MPa to prevent the air from entering the boiler.
二、湿法保养(湿法保养一般适用于停炉时间不超过一个月的热风炉的保养)
(1)停炉后按规定时间放尽炉水,将水垢、水渣、烟灰清除干净。
(2)关闭所有的人孔、手孔、阀门等,与运行的热风炉完全隔绝。
(3)用合格软化水配制碱性保护溶液,按每吨炉水加入氢氧化钠Na(OH)8 kg~10kg,或加碳酸钠(NaC03)20kg,或加磷酸钠(Na2P03)20kg。
(4)用专用泵将配制好的碱性保养溶液注入热风炉。
(5)当保护溶液全部注入后,开启给水阀将合格软化水注满热风炉,直至水从空气阀溢出为止,然后再关闭空气阀和给水阀,开启专用泵循环,使溶液混合均匀。
(6)在整个保养期间,应定期用微火烘炉保持受热面外部干燥,定期开启泵循环,使各处溶液浓度一致,还要定期取溶液化验和补充药液,使溶液PH值在10~12之间,保证炉水的碱度。
(7) 在冬季要采取相应的防冻措施。
Two. Wet maintenance (wet maintenance) is generally suitable for maintenance of hot blast stove with no more than one month's shutdown time.
(1) clean up the scale, slag and ash after the furnace is stopped.
(2) close all manholes, hand holes, valves and so on, and completely separate from the running hot stove.
(3) preparing alkaline protection solution with qualified softened water, adding sodium hydroxide Na (OH) 8 kg~10kg per ton of water, or sodium carbonate (NaC03) 20kg, or sodium phosphate (Na2P03) 20kg.
(4) a special pump is used to inject the prepared alkaline maintenance solution into the hot blast stove.
(5) when the protection solution is all injected, open the water supply valve to fill the hot air stove, until the water is spilled from the air valve, then the air valve and the water supply valve are closed, and the special pump cycle is opened to make the solution mixed evenly.
(6) during the whole maintenance period, it is necessary to keep the external drying of the heating surface with the micro fire oven regularly and regularly open the pump cycle to make the solution concentration in the same place. The solution assay and supplement should be taken regularly to make the pH value of the solution between 10~12 and ensure the alkalinity of the furnace water.
(7) the corresponding anti freeze measures should be taken in winter.
三、干法保养(干法保养适用停炉时间较长,一般时间超过一个月,特别是夏季停用的采暖热风炉)
(1)停炉后,将炉水放尽,清除炉内的水垢,水渣和受热面的烟灰。
(2)关闭热风炉的供水管、给水管、排污管上的阀门,或用隔板堵严,与其它运行热风炉完全隔绝。
(3)打开人孔、手孔,使热风炉自然干燥,若热风炉潮湿,用微火将热风炉本体及炉墙、烟道烘干。
(4)选用适量干燥剂。常用干燥剂有无水氯化钙(CaCl2)和生石灰(CaO2),CaCl2按每立方米水容积2kg定量放置,要求选用15mm左右的颗粒;生石灰按每立方米水容积3kg定量放置,要求选用10mm~30mm的块状物。
(5)热风炉干燥后,将装有干燥剂的托盘放人炉膛和锅筒中,以吸收潮气,要求干燥剂不能与热风炉受热面直接接触。
(6)干燥剂放入热风炉一个月内应每周定期检查一次,看受热面有无腐蚀,及时更换失效的干燥剂,一个月以后每半个月检查一次。
Three. Dry maintenance (dry maintenance) is suitable for a longer time of shutdown, usually longer than a month, especially for heating stove in summer.
(1) after the furnace is stopped, the furnace water will be discharged to remove the scale, the slag and the soot from the heating surface.
(2) close the water supply pipe, water supply pipe and drain valve of the hot blast stove, or use the clapboard to block up strictly, and completely separate from other hot blast stove.
(3) open the manhole and the hand hole to make the hot stove dry naturally. If the hot stove is humid, use the micro fire to dry the hot stove body, the furnace wall and the flue.
(4) choose an appropriate amount of desiccant. The commonly used desiccates are anhydrous calcium chloride (CaCl2) and lime (CaO2), CaCl2 is placed at 2kg per cubic meter of water volume, and the particles are required to be selected at about 15mm; the lime is placed quantificationally at 3kg per cubic meter of water volume, and 10mm~30mm lumps are required.
(5) after the drying stove is dry, the tray containing the desiccant is placed in the hearth and pot to absorb the moisture, and the desiccant can not be directly contacted with the hot air heater.
(6) the desiccant should be checked regularly every week in the hot air stove to see if there is any corrosion on the heated surface and replace the desiccant in time, and check every half a month later.
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